Caecum liratocinctum (Carpenter, 1857)
Caecum liratocinctum (Carpenter, 1857)
Digital image by David Kirsh

    This specimen, measuring 3 mm. in length, was culled from some beach drift likely collected on the Pacific side of Panama in 1988 but inadvertently mixed with drift from Portobello, on the Caribbean side of the counrty. It very closely resembles Elephantulum liratocinctum Carpenter (1857: 317 <http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47486#page/343/mode/1up>), at least the form depicted by Lightfoot (1993: 24; fig. 14, upper image) for which there is a URL in the bibliography below, but the relevant figure looks a lot "cleaner" in hardcopy.

   Although Rev. Philip Pearsall Carpenter figured most of his new taxa, sometimes more than one specimen of each, with drawings from his own pen, they were not published until over a century later. A specimen he ID'ed as C. liratocinctum on lot tablet 1519 (Brann, 1966: 58; pl. 33, fig. 364) appears to be conspecific with the shell in the Lightfoot photo. Regrettably the Brann work had not been made available on the web at the time of this posting.

    Two Bermuda taxa, C. crispum and C. delicatulum both of A.E. Verrill and Bush (1899: 538, 539; pl. 60, fig's 3,4 <http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/48107#page/568/mode/1up>; <http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/48107#page/859/mode/1up> are somewhat similar but have less well-developed circumferential sculpture.

Brann, D.C., 1966. Illustrations to "Catalogue of the collection of Mazatlan shells" by Philip P. Carpenter. Paleontological Research Institution, Ithaca, NY. (1)-111 + 60 plates. 1 April.

Carpenter, P.P., 1857. Catalogue of the collection of  Mazatlan shells, in the British Museum: collected by Frederick Reigen. British Museum, London. 552 pp. <http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/47486#page/7/mode/1up>

Carpenter, P.P., 1857.  Catalogue of the collection of Mazatlan shells, in the British Museum: collected by Frederick Reigen. 2nd ed. Oberlin Press, Warrington. England. i-viii + i-xii + 552 pp.

Carpenter, P.P., "1857" [1967]. [Reprint of]  Catalogue of the collection of Mazatlan shells, in the British Museum: collected by Frederick Reigen. British Museum, London. [Paleontological Research Institute, Ithaca, NY]. i-iv + ix-xvi + 552 pp.


Lightfoot, J., 1993. Caecidae of the Panamic Province part one. Of Sea and Shore 16(1): 13-26. Spring.

Verrill, A.E. and K.J. Bush, 1900. Additions to the marine Mollusca of the Bermudas. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences 10: 513-544, pls. 63-66. Sept. <http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/48107#page/543/mode/1up>